Q. What do you understand by moral attitude? Illustrate its main features. In what ways can moral Attitudes affect political thinking? Discuss the major elements that shape political attitudes in democratic society.

Approach:
Introduction (Definition + Ethical Relevance)
• Define Moral Attitude clearly in simple terms.
• Support the definition with a famous quote (Gandhi's quote used here).
• Mention its ethical importance — moral attitude guides human behavior and shapes ethical political thinking in a democracy.
Body
1. Features of Moral Attitude (Use brief explanations with clear terms),• Value-based Orientation
• Consistency in Conduct
• Guided by Conscience
• Resistance to Unethical Influence
• Dynamic and Reflective Nature
2. Influence of Moral Attitudes on Political Thinking
(Write clear points: For each point — State → Explain → Give Indian Example)
• Ethical Leadership — Gandhi’s leadership
• Informed Citizenship — SVEEP voter awareness
• Strengthening Democratic Values — Ambedkar’s Constitutional Morality
• Reducing Corruption — RTI Act
• Inclusive Policies — Reservation for marginalized sections
3. Elements Shaping Political Attitudes in a Democracy (Explain briefly how each shapes political attitude)
• Family and Socialization
• Education and Awareness
• Media and Communication
• Religious and Cultural Values
• Democratic Institutions and Civic Movements
Conclusion
• Establish your ethical stance — Moral Attitude is essential for healthy democracy.
• Give a real-life Indian example — Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam as People’s Leader.
Mention how moral values strengthen democratic governance and help uphold constitutional ideals like justice, equality, and dignity.

Introduction
Moral attitude refers to a person’s inner disposition to evaluate actions and decisions through ethical values such as truth, justice, non-violence, and compassion. As Mahatma Gandhi rightly said, “Morality is the basis of things and truth is the substance of all morality.” In ethical terms, moral attitude plays a crucial role in shaping personal conduct and influences broader social and political thinking — especially vital in a democracy that thrives on justice and equality.

Body:
1. Features of Moral Attitude:
1. Value-Based Orientation:
Moral attitudes are grounded in universal ethical values like honesty, empathy, and integrity. These values help individuals discern between right and wrong in personal and public life.
2. Consistency in Conduct:
A morally inclined person tends to maintain ethical consistency across situations, avoiding double standards in private life and public dealings.
3. Guided by Conscience:
Moral attitudes are informed by an inner sense of duty or conscience that pushes individuals to act responsibly and empathetically, even under pressure.
4. Resistance to Unethical Influence:
They help individuals stand firm against immoral practices like corruption, discrimination, and injustice, even when such actions are socially or politically convenient.
5. Dynamic and Reflective:
While rooted in core values, moral attitudes evolve through learning, critical thinking, and exposure to diverse viewpoints — ensuring moral growth over time. 

2. Influence of Moral Attitudes on Political Thinking:
1. Promotes Ethical Leadership:
Leaders with strong moral attitudes focus on justice and welfare rather than power and self-interest. Example: Mahatma Gandhi’s politics was grounded in non-violence and truth, inspiring a value- based freedom movement.
2. Encourages Informed and Responsible Citizenship:
Moral attitudes among citizens promote voting and participation based on ethical considerations, not communal or monetary influences.
Example: Voter education initiatives like SVEEP encourage value-based democratic participation.
3. Strengthens Democratic Values:
Moral attitudes uphold principles like liberty, equality, and fraternity, thereby strengthening democratic culture. Example: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's emphasis on constitutional morality ensured protection of individual rights and justice.
4. Reduces Tolerance Toward Corruption and Injustice:
Morally aware citizens demand accountability, transparency, and fairness from their leaders. Example: The RTI Act was a result of sustained public demand for transparency in governance.
5. Fosters Inclusive and Justice-Oriented Policies:
A moral political mindset advocates for protection and empowerment of marginalized groups.
Example: Reservation policies and welfare schemes for Dalits, women, and minorities are rooted in ethical notions of equity and justice.
3. Elements Shaping Political Attitudes in a Democratic Society:
1. Family and Early Socialization:
Family values and early upbringing greatly influence one's sense of justice, equality, and civic responsibility.
2. Education and Awareness:
Formal education, especially in civics and ethics, builds critical thinking and nurtures respect for democratic principles.
3. Media and Communication:
News, films, and social media shape opinions about governance, rights, and justice — influencing moral-political perspectives.
4. Religious and Cultural Teachings:
Spiritual and cultural narratives often promote moral ideals like compassion, service, and justice, which reflect in political choices.
5. Democratic Institutions and Civic Movements:
Active participation in protests, NGOs, elections, or policy debates shapes citizens' understanding of ethical governance and public service.

Conclusion:
Moral attitude ensures ethical leadership and responsible citizenship in a democracy. Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, known as the People’s Leader, exemplified this through his integrity, simplicity, and commitment to public service. His life showed that moral values like honesty and duty strengthen democratic governance and uphold justice, equality, and constitutional ideals.